K-12 Racial Disparities in School Discipline
Founded in 1996 by former Harvard professors Gary Orfield and Christopher Edley, Jr., the Civil Rights Project/Proyecto Derechos Civiles is now co-directed by Orfield and Patricia Gándara, professors at UCLA. Its mission is to create a new generation of research in social science and law, on the critical issues of civil rights and equal opportunity for racial and ethnic groups in the United States. It has commissioned more than 400 studies, published 14 books and issued numerous reports from authors at universities and research centers across the country. The U.S. Supreme Court, in its 2003 Grutter v. Bollinger decision upholding affirmative action, and in Justice Breyer’s dissent (joined by three other Justices) to its 2007 Parents Involved in Community Schools decision, cited the Civil Rights Project’s research.
There are 42 publications in this collection, published between 2000 and 2024.
Flores, Ramon; Losen, Daniel J: Update to Lost Instruction Time in California Schools, 2024
Flories, Ramon T; Losen, Daniel J: Lost Instruction Time in California Schools: The Disparate Harm from Post-Pandemic Punitive Suspensions, 2023
Losen, Daniel J J.D.; Goyal, Shuchi; Alam, Mahreen; Salazar, Rogelio: Unmasking School Discipline Disparities in California: What the 2019-2020 Data Can Tell Us About Problems and Progress, 2022
Losen, Daniel J JD; Martinez, Paul; Rim Shin, Grace Hae: Disabling Inequity: The Urgent Need for Race-Conscious Resource Remedies, 2021
Losen, Daniel J.; Martinez, Paul: Is California Doing Enough to Close the School Discipline Gap?, 2020
Losen, Daniel J JD; Martinez, Paul: Lost Opportunities: How Disparate School Discipline Continues to Drive Differences in the Opportunity to Learn, 2020
Whitaker, Amir; Losen, Daniel J: The Striking Outlier: The Persistent, Painful and Problematic Practice of Corporal Punishment in Schools, 2019
Losen, Daniel J; Martin, Kacy: The Unequal Impact of Suspension on the Opportunity to Learn in CA, 2018
Losen, Daniel J; Whitaker, Amir: Lost Instruction: The Disparate Impact of the School Discipline Gap in California, 2017
Rumberger, Russell W.; Losen, Daniel J.: The Hidden Cost of California's Harsh School Discipline, 2017
Losen, Daniel J; Keith, Michael A II; Hodson, Cheri L; Martinez, Tia E: Charter Schools, Civil Rights and School Discipline: A Comprehensive Review, 2016
Losen, Daniel J.: Researchers Responses to Critiques of Our Study, "Charter Schools, Civil Rights and School Discipline: A Comprehensive Report.", 2016
Rumberger, Russell W; Losen, Daniel J: The High Cost Of Harsh Discipline And Its Disparate Impact, 2016
Losen, Daniel J.; Hodson, Cheri L.; Keith II, Michael A; Morrison, Katrina; Belway, Shakti: Are We Closing the School Discipline Gap?, 2015
Losen, Daniel J.; Keith, Michael A. II; Hodson, Cheri L.; Martinez, Tia E.; Belway, Shakti: Closing the School Discipline Gap in California: Signs of Progress, 2015
Belfield, Clive R: The Costs of High School Failure and School Suspensions for the State of California, 2014
Belfield, Clive R: The Economic Burden of High School Dropouts and School Suspensions in Florida, 2014
Losen, Daniel J; Martinez, Tia E; Okelola, Valerie: Keeping California's Kids in School, 2014
Losen, Daniel J: Nationwide Survey of State Education Agencies’ Online School Disciplinary Data for Students with Disabilities , 2014
Balfanz, Robert; Byrnes, Vaughan; Fox, Joanna: Sent Home and Put Off-Track: The Antecedents, Disproportionalities, and Consequences of Being Suspended in the Ninth Grade, 2013
Cornell, Dewey Ph.D.; Lovegrove, Peter Ph.D.: Student Threat Assessment as a Method of Reducing Student Suspensions, 2013
Fenning, Pamela; Pigott, Therese; Engler, Elizabeth; Bradshaw, Katie; Gamboney, Elizabeth; Grunewald, Stephanie et al.: A Mixed Methods Approach Examining Disproportionality in School Discipline, 2013
Finn, Jeremy D; Servoss, Timothy J: Misbehavior, Suspensions, and Security Measures in High School: Racial/Ethnic and Gender Differences, 2013
Gándara, Patricia; Oseguera, Leticia; Pérez Huber, Lindsay; Locks, Angela; Ee, Jongyeon; Molina, Daniel: Making Education Work for Latinas in the U.S., 2013
Greflund, Sara; McIntosh, Kent; Mercer, Sterett H; May, Seth L: Examining Disproportionality in School Discipline Practices for Native American Students in Canadian Schools Implementing PBIS, 2013
Kupchik, Aaron; Catlaw, Thomas J: Discipline and Participation: The Long-Term Effects of Suspension and School Security on the Political and Civic Engagement of Youth, 2013
Losen, Daniel J; Hodson, Cheri; Ee, Jongyeon; Martinez, Tia E: Disturbing Inequities: Exploring the Relationship Between Racial Disparities in Special Education Identification and Discipline, 2013
Losen, Daniel J.: Nationwide Survey of State Education Agencies’ Online School Disciplinary Data , 2013
Losen, Daniel J; Martinez, Tia E: Out of School and Off Track: The Overuse of Suspensions in American Middle and High Schools, 2013
Marchbanks, Miner P III; Blake, Jamilia J; Booth, Eric A; Carmichael, Dottie; Seibert, Allison L; Fabelo, Tony: The Economic Effects of Exclusionary Discipline on Grade Retention and High School Dropout, 2013
Schiff, Mara Ph.D.: Dignity, Disparity and Desistance: Effective Restorative Justice Strategies to Plug the "School-to-Prison Pipeline", 2013
Shollenberger, Tracey L: Racial Disparities in School Suspension and Subsequent Outcomes: Evidence from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997, 2013
Skiba, Russell J; Trachok, Megan; Chung, Choong-Geun; Baker, Timberly; Sheya, Adam; Hughes, Robin: Where Should We Intervene? Contributions of Behavior, Student, and School Characteristics to Suspension and Expulsion, 2013
Steinberg, Matthew P; Allensworth, Elaine; Johnson, David W: What Conditions Jeopardize and Support Safety in Urban Schools? The Influence of Community Characteristics, School Composition and School Organizational Practices on Student and Teacher Reports of Safety in Chicago, 2013
Toldson, Ivory A; McGee, Tyne; Lemmons, Brianna P: Reducing Suspension among Academically Disengaged Black Males, 2013
Vanderhaar, Judi E Ph.D.; Petrosko, Joseph M Ph.D; Muñoz, Marco A Ed.D: Reconsidering the Alternatives: The Relationship between Suspension, Disciplinary Alternative School Placement, Subsequent Juvenile Detention, and the Salience of Race, 2013
Vincent, Claudia G; Sprague, Jeffrey R; Gau, Jeff M: The Effectiveness of School-wide Positive Behavior Interventions and Supports for Reducing Racially Inequitable Disciplinary Exclusions in Middle Schools, 2013
Vincent, Claudia G; Pavel, Michael CHiXapkaid; Sprague, Jeffrey R; Tobin, Tary J: Towards Identifying School-level Factors Reducing Disciplinary Exclusions of American Indian/Alaska Native Students, 2013
Losen, Daniel J.; Gillespie, Jonathan: Opportunities Suspended: The Disparate Impact of Disciplinary Exclusion from School, 2012
Losen, Daniel J.; Martinez, Tia; Gillespie, Jon: Suspended Education in California, 2012
Losen, Daniel J.; Skiba, Russell J.: Suspended Education: Urban Middle Schools in Crisis, 2010
The Civil Rights Project: Opportunities Suspended: The Devastating Consequences of Zero Tolerance and School Discipline, 2000
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